I will start off by saying that I am not aware of components other than community builder that can do what you are asking, but community builder can create list of users based on any predefined fields you collect. So yes community can do this fairly easily.
I know nothing about translating languages, but there is a component that does the following (cut from the joomla extensions website):
Joom!Fish - multilingual content manager
The Joom!Fish project is the official add-on for managing multilingual content within the content management system Joomla!. The project, which was formally known as MambelFish is rewritten and enhanced in order to be compatible with the new versions of the Joomla! project.
The Joom!Fish is an add-on component for Joomla! which allows you to maintain and organize your manual translated content in your Joomla! database. Check out our website for more details about the features and possibilities.
I hope I was at least partially helpful.